Doing Good or Doing Better
development policies in a globalizing world
Doing Good or Doing Better
Scientific Council for Government Policy (wrr)
Monique Kremer, Peter van Lieshout and Robert Went (eds.)
Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam 2009
This book on the future of development policies in a globalizing world brings together a number of leading academics to describe and theorise upon various kinds of development policies, such as aid, financial investments, partnerships, trade and peace-building. They provide insight into the muddled trajectories of development on various continents – Africa, Asia, Latin America and Europe – and rethink the notion of development in a globalizing, interdependent world in areas such as migration, security and international justice.
The world is changing, and so is the unquestioning belief that development policies are always right. Instead of focusing on the rather limited notion of poverty, this book aims to deepen our understanding of the broad issue of development. What are the drivers of development? What new issues have arisen due to globali -zation? And what kinds of policies contribute to development in a world that is changing rapidly? Doing Good or Doing Better is both a description of the current ‘state of the art’ as well as an analysis of recent ideas and innovations.
This interdisciplinary edited volume serves as a background study for the wrr (Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy) advice on the future of development policies, that will be released separately. It has been edited by professor dr. Peter van Lieshout (member of the Council), and our staff members dr. Monique Kremer and dr. Robert Went (project coordinator), and brings together insights from external experts on a range of disciplines. The council is grateful to the authors for their contributions.
Prof. dr. W.B.H.J. van de Donk
Chairman of the wrr
contents
About the authors
Preface
1 Towards Development Policies Based on Lesson Learning:
An Introduction
Monique Kremer, Peter van Lieshout and Robert Went
1.1 Paradigm shifts
1.2 Globalization
1.3 At the beginning of the 21st century: Elements for development policies based on lesson learning
PART I RETHINKING DEVELOPMENT
2 Twenty-first Century Globalization, Paradigm Shifts in Development
Jan Nederveen Pieterse
2.1 Twenty-first century globalization
2.2 Turning points
2.3 New development era
2.4 International development cooperation
3 Does Foreign Aid Work?
Roger C. Riddell
3.1 Introduction
3.2 What aid are we talking about?
3.3 Challenges in trying to assess the impact of aid
3.4 Does aid work? The evidence
3.5 Constraining aid’s greater impact and how these constraints might be addressed
3.6 Concluding comments: Aid and the wider perspective
PART II LEARNING FROM DEVELOPMENT HISTORIES
4 Under-explored Treasure Troves of Development Lessons: Lessons
from the Histories of Small Rich European Countries
Ha-Joon Chang
4.1 Introduction: Lessons from history, or rather the ‘Secret History’
4.2 Agriculture
4.3 Industrial development
4.4 Corporate governance and the concentration of economic power
4.5 Social and political factors
4.6 Concluding remarks
5 Stagnation in Africa: Disentangling Figures, Facts and Fiction
Paul Hoebink
5.1 Stagnation in sub-Saharan Africa
5.2 The low social development cause
5.3 The not-a-nation-state cause
5.4 The dependence on raw material exports cause
5.5 The greedy politicians cause
5.6 The weak states and weak policies cause
5.7 The Washington consensus cause
5.8 Other traps and curses
5.9 Conclusions and consequences
6 Including the Middle Classes? Latin American Social Policies after
the Washington Consensus
Evelyne Huber
6.1 The isi period and the origins of social policy regimes
6.2 The debt crisis and the Washington consensus
6.3 Neoliberalism and its failures
6.4 Turn to the left and basic universalism?
6.5 The role of the middle classes
6.6 Lessons for development policy and external support
7 Imaginary Institutions: State-Building in Afghanistan
Martine van Bijlert
7.1 The Afghan state and the dynamics that affect it
7.2 The nature of the state-building effort in Afghanistan
7.3 How the ‘international community’ responds
7.4 Some concluding remarks
8 Beyond Development Orthodoxy: Chinese Lessons in Pragmatism and Institutional Change
Peter Ho
8.1 Buried under development?
8.2 On land and institutions
8.3 Chinese pragmatism: Colored cats or the demise of ideology?
8.4 Implications of Chinese development: Some concluding observations
PART III BEYOND THE STATE: NEW ACTORS IN DEVELOPMENT
9 Business and Sustainable Development: From Passive Involvement
to Active Partnerships
Rob van Tulder and Fabienne Fortanier
9.1 Introduction: from uniform to pluriform development thinking
9.2 From a traditional to a new development paradigm
9.3 From macro to micro: the role of multinationals in sustainable development
9.4 From general to specific: Strategic management of corporations and
poverty alleviation
9.5 From passive to active: The search for partnerships
9.6 Conclusion: The challenges ahead
10 Why ‘Philanthrocapitalism’ Is Not the Answer: Private Initiatives
and International Development
Michael Edwards
10.1 Private initiatives – what kind and how much?
10.2 ngo initiatives
10.3 Institutional philanthropy
10.4 Common problems: impact and accountability
10.5 Conclusions and implications for development policy
11 The Trouble with Participation: Assessing the New Aid Paradigm
Nadia Molenaers and Robrecht Renard
11.1 Participation: on the main menu or just a side dish?
11.2 What the new aid approach sets out to do: some background on the
failure of aid
11.3 Flawed results
11.4 An overly optimistic notion of civil society
11.5 A biased vision on state-society interactions
11.6 A conditionality without ownership
11.7 When less is more
PART IV NEW INTERDEPENDENTIES
12 How Can Sub-Saharan Africa Turn the China-India Threat into an
Opportunity?
Raphael Kaplinsky
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Development trajectories for Sub-Saharan Africa – three orthodoxies
12.3 The rise of the Asian Driver economies and their challenge to the three orthodoxies
12.4 The Asian Drivers and Sub-Saharan Africa – win-win or win-lose?
12.5 The policy response
12.6 Policy actors
13 Post-war Peace-building: What Role for International
Organizations?
Chris van der Borgh
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Recipes for peace?
13.3 International capacity and coordination
13.4 Local capacity and international footprint
13.5 Conclusion
14 Migration and Development: Contested Consequences
Ronald Skeldon
14.1 Background
14.2 Conceptual issues
14.3 Patterns of migration
14.4 Approaches to migration and development
14.5 Conclusion
15 Global Justice and the State
Pieter Pekelharing
15.1 The rise of the concern for global justice
15.2 The birth of the notion of distributive justice
15.3 Balancing our loyalties. On the extension of justice into the international realm
15.4 It’s not ‘what can you do?’ but ‘what can your institutions do?’
15.5 From cosmopolitanism back to the state: Rawls and the Law of Peoples
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