{"id":546,"date":"2019-09-19T23:07:30","date_gmt":"2019-09-19T21:07:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arabprf.com\/?p=546"},"modified":"2019-09-20T01:14:08","modified_gmt":"2019-09-19T23:14:08","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%85%d9%85-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%88%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-nations-and-natiolalism-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac%d9%85-politics-heywood","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/?p=546","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u00a0NATIONS AND NATIOLALISM – \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u00a0 politics – Heywood"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u00a0NATIONS AND NATIOLALISM – \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u00a0 politics – Heywood<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n

NATIONS AND NATIOLALISM<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/h2>\n

politics<\/strong><\/h2>\n

By: Andrew Heywood<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Second edition<\/strong><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 NATIONS AND NATIOLALISM<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/u><\/h3>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a” \u061b\u0623\u064a \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 – \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u060c \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n

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(1) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

(2) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629<\/p>\n

(3) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

(4) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a: \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n

(\u0623) \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0627: \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

(\u0628)\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u060c.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0636\u0639\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

(2) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a. \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n

(3) \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

(4) \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631. \u062a\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

(5) \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a.<\/p>\n

(6) \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u00a0\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 NATIONS AND NATIOLALISM <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u00a0NATIONS AND NATIOLALISM – \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u00a0 politics – Heywood \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 NATIONS AND NATIOLALISM \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 politics By: Andrew Heywood Second edition   \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629: (1) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 (\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":548,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,5,10],"tags":[263,262],"class_list":["post-546","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-13","category-5","category-10","tag-nations-and-natiolalism","tag-262"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/546","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=546"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/546\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/548"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=546"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=546"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=546"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}