{"id":3218,"date":"2020-10-17T01:17:51","date_gmt":"2020-10-16T23:17:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arabprf.com\/?p=3218"},"modified":"2020-10-17T01:22:50","modified_gmt":"2020-10-16T23:22:50","slug":"%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a8-%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/?p=3218","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629: \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 <a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a>. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. <a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a>\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0647\u0636 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a.<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u062f.\u0625.\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f&#8230;.<a href=\"#_ftn22\" name=\"_ftnref22\">[22]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a <\/strong><strong>: 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn23\" name=\"_ftnref23\">[23]<\/a>.\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn24\" name=\"_ftnref24\">[24]<\/a>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644(\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 6 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a<a href=\"#_ftn25\" name=\"_ftnref25\">[25]<\/a> (\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646)<a href=\"#_ftn26\" name=\"_ftnref26\">[26]<\/a> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 28 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 2 (\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631).<a href=\"#_ftn27\" name=\"_ftnref27\">[27]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a)\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn28\" name=\"_ftnref28\">[28]<\/a>\u060c \u0644\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn29\" name=\"_ftnref29\">[29]<\/a>: \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>: \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a <\/strong><strong>2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 <a href=\"#_ftn30\" name=\"_ftnref30\">[30]<\/a>\u061b \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a (\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644) .<a href=\"#_ftn31\" name=\"_ftnref31\">[31]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648 &#8230;<a href=\"#_ftn32\" name=\"_ftnref32\">[32]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn33\" name=\"_ftnref33\">[33]<\/a>. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629. <a href=\"#_ftn34\" name=\"_ftnref34\">[34]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641.<a href=\"#_ftn35\" name=\"_ftnref35\">[35]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a). \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. <a href=\"#_ftn36\" name=\"_ftnref36\">[36]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<a href=\"#_ftn38\" name=\"_ftnref38\">[38]<\/a>\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a.<a href=\"#_ftn39\" name=\"_ftnref39\">[39]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>: \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 <\/strong><strong>1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623: \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 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\ufea3\ufeae\ufef3\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufeb8\ufea8\ufeba \ufee3\ufebc\ufeee\ufee7\ufe94. \ufefb \ufef3\ufea0\ufeee\ufeaf \u0627\ufedf\ufe98\ufeaa\ufea7\ufede \ufed3\ufef2 \ufeeb\ufeac\ufee9\u00a0 \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufed8\ufeee\ufed5 \u0625\ufefb \ufe91\ufee4\ufeee\ufe9f\ufe90 \u0627\ufedf\ufed8\ufe8e\ufee7\ufeee\ufee5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 10 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0629 2 \u0642.\u062f.\u0623: \ufefb \ufef3\ufea0\ufeee\ufeaf \ufe97\ufed8\ufef4\ufef4\ufeaa \ufeb3\ufeae\ufef3\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufeae\ufeb3\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufede \u0648\u0627\ufedf\ufe92\ufeae\ufef3\ufeaa \u0648\u0627\ufefb\ufe97\ufebc\ufe8e\ufefb\ufe95 \u0625\ufefb \ufe91\ufe84\ufee3\ufeae \ufef3\ufeb4\ufe98\ufee8\ufeaa \u0625\ufedf\ufef0 \u0627\ufedf\ufed8\ufe8e\ufee7\ufeee\ufee5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 12 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 1 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 2 \u0645\u0646 \u0642.\u062f.\u0623: \ufef3\ufea4\ufed6 \ufedf\ufedc\ufede \u0627\ufef7\ufedf\ufee4\ufe8e\ufee5 \u0627\ufea7\ufe98\ufef4\ufe8e\ufead \u0627\ufedf\ufeee\ufec7\ufef4\ufed4\ufe94 \u0623\ufeed \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufeec\ufee8\ufe94\u060c \u0648\ufee3\ufedc\ufe8e\ufee5 \u0627\ufedf\ufecc\ufee4\ufede \u0648\u0623\ufee3\ufe8e\ufedb\ufee6 \u0627\ufedf\ufe98\ufeaa\u0631\ufef3\ufe90 \ufe91\ufea4\ufeae\ufef3\ufe94. \u0648\ufe97\u064f\ufee8\ufec8\ufee2 \ufecb\ufee4\ufee0\ufef4\ufe94 \ufee3\ufeb0\u0627\u0648\ufedf\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufeee\ufec7\ufef4\ufed4\ufe94 \u0623\ufeed \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufeec\ufee8\ufe94 \ufe91\ufed8\ufe8e\ufee7\ufeee\ufee5 \u0623\ufeed \ufe91\ufee8\ufe8e\ufe80 \ufecb\ufee0\ufef0 \ufed7\ufe8e\ufee7\ufeee\ufee5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 14 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 1 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 2 \u0645\u0646 \u0642.\u062f.\u0623: \ufef3\u064f\ufedc\ufed4\ufede \ufea3\ufed6 \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufee0\ufedc\ufef4\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufea8\ufe8e\ufebb\ufe94 \u0648\ufea3\ufed6 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name=\"_ftnref66\">[66]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0628.\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn78\" name=\"_ftnref78\">[78]<\/a>. \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628<a href=\"#_ftn79\" name=\"_ftnref79\">[79]<\/a>. \u0641\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u06a4\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\u06ad\u060c \u0628\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 4 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 <a href=\"#_ftn80\" name=\"_ftnref80\">[80]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u063a\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 (\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646).)<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u064e\u0629 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name=\"_ftnref81\">[81]<\/a>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631<a href=\"#_ftn82\" name=\"_ftnref82\">[82]<\/a>\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639<a href=\"#_ftn83\" name=\"_ftnref83\">[83]<\/a>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn84\" name=\"_ftnref84\">[84]<\/a>. \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<a href=\"#_ftn85\" name=\"_ftnref85\">[85]<\/a> (\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629). \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn86\" name=\"_ftnref86\">[86]<\/a>. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. <a href=\"#_ftn87\" name=\"_ftnref87\">[87]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0640 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/strong><strong>4<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627.<a href=\"#_ftn88\" name=\"_ftnref88\">[88]<\/a> \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645.<a href=\"#_ftn89\" name=\"_ftnref89\">[89]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn90\" name=\"_ftnref90\">[90]<\/a>\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"#_ftn91\" name=\"_ftnref91\">[91]<\/a> \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0636\u0631\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0623\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0626\u064b\u0627<a href=\"#_ftn92\" name=\"_ftnref92\">[92]<\/a>. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0631\u0627\u00a0 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628. <a href=\"#_ftn93\" name=\"_ftnref93\">[93]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627 <a href=\"#_ftn94\" name=\"_ftnref94\">[94]<\/a> \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn95\" name=\"_ftnref95\">[95]<\/a>. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u00a0 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639\u00a0 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644. <a href=\"#_ftn96\" name=\"_ftnref96\">[96]<\/a>\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn97\" name=\"_ftnref97\">[97]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#_ftn98\" name=\"_ftnref98\">[98]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f. \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639<a href=\"#_ftn99\" name=\"_ftnref99\">[99]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627<a href=\"#_ftn100\" name=\"_ftnref100\">[100]<\/a>. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u00a0 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn101\" name=\"_ftnref101\">[101]<\/a>. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 (\u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<a href=\"#_ftn102\" name=\"_ftnref102\">[102]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645.<a href=\"#_ftn103\" name=\"_ftnref103\">[103]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0640 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642 (\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><strong>5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642)\/ \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644.<a href=\"#_ftn104\" name=\"_ftnref104\">[104]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"#_ftn105\" name=\"_ftnref105\">[105]<\/a> \u060c \u0648\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 <a href=\"#_ftn106\" name=\"_ftnref106\">[106]<\/a> \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636\u00a0 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645<a href=\"#_ftn107\" name=\"_ftnref107\">[107]<\/a> (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629).<a href=\"#_ftn108\" name=\"_ftnref108\">[108]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642) \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<a href=\"#_ftn109\" name=\"_ftnref109\">[109]<\/a>. \u0623\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u062e\u0649 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643.<a href=\"#_ftn110\" name=\"_ftnref110\">[110]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 (\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642) \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u00a0 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631) \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \/ \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639).<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064e\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn111\" name=\"_ftnref111\">[111]<\/a>: \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642) \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a.<a href=\"#_ftn112\" name=\"_ftnref112\">[112]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a<a href=\"#_ftn113\" name=\"_ftnref113\">[113]<\/a> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0635\u0631(\u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627). \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642) \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn114\" name=\"_ftnref114\">[114]<\/a> . \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn115\" name=\"_ftnref115\">[115]<\/a>\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646<a href=\"#_ftn116\" name=\"_ftnref116\">[116]<\/a>\u060c\u00a0 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"#_ftn117\" name=\"_ftnref117\">[117]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a<a href=\"#_ftn118\" name=\"_ftnref118\">[118]<\/a>. \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644:<a href=\"#_ftn119\" name=\"_ftnref119\">[119]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 (\u0647\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0640 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649) \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u064a\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u00a0 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0647\u0636 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0643\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0630. \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Vgl. mwN.: Hirschberg, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, G\u00f6ttingen, 1981, S. 6; Vgl. auch Schr\u00f6der, Der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, Ad Legendum 4\/2015, S. 327 (331)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> BVerfGE 28, 264 (280); 30, 292 (316); 21, 150 (155); 27, 211 (219); 27, 344 (352); 34, 205 (209); 36, 47 (59); 37, 1 (18 f.); 38, 281 (302); BVerfGE 67, 157 (173); 70, 278 (286); 104, 347 ff.; 163, 182; BVerfGE 109, 188 (191).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a>\u00a0 Vgl. zum Beispiel nur BVerfGE 1958,Bd. 7, S. 377 ff.;1970, Bd.30, S. 292 ff. ; BVerfG NJW 1989, S 2457; BVerfG NJW 1994, S.1080 f.; Die Gerichte benutzen auch den\u00a0 Ausdruck \u00dcberma\u00dfverbot. Vgl. BVerfGE 1963, Bd. 16 ,S. 194 ff.; BVerwG NJW 1989, S.1942. Vgl. ausf\u00fchrlicher zur Terminologie die Abhandlungen von Grabitz, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts, in: A\u00f6R 98 (1973), S. 568 (568 ff.); Gr\u00f6pl, Staatsrecht I, M\u00fcnchen , 7. Auflage, 2015, S. 128, Rn. 533; s. auch Ossenb\u00fchl, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der Rechtsprechung der Verwaltungsgerichte, Juristische Ausbildung, 1997, S. 617 (617).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a>\u00a0 Schr\u00f6der, Der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, Ad Legendum 4\/2015, 327 (327); Vgl. Grabitz, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts, A\u00f6R 98 1973, 568 (584); Ossenb\u00fchl, Ma\u00dfhalten mit dem \u00dcberma\u00dfverbot, in: Badura \/ Peter-Scholz \/ Rupert (Hrsg.), Festschrift f\u00fcr Peter Lerche zum 65. Geburtstag, M\u00fcnchen, 1993, S. 151 (152).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> BVerfGE 19, 342 (348f.); BVerfGE 23, 127 (133); BVerfGE 25, 44 (54); Jan Schr\u00f6der, Der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, Ad Legendum 4\/2015, S. 327 (330)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Alexy, Menschenw\u00fcrde und Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, A\u00f6R 2015, S. 497 (479), 140. Band Heft 4, Dezember 2015.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> Abdruck der Magna Charta Libertatum bei Dennewitz, Die Verfassungen der modernen Staaten, Band I, 1947, S. 37.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> Vgl. Pieroth, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit im Verwaltungsrecht, in: Kment \/ Jarass, Festschrift Hans D. Jarass zum 70. Geburtstag, M\u00fcnchen, 2015, S. 587 (587 f.); Ress, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit im deutschen Recht, in: Kutscher \/ Ress \/ Teitgen \/ Ermacora \/ Ubertazzi, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in europ\u00e4ischen Rechtsordnungen, 1985, S. 5.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> Mayer, Deutsches Verwaltungsrecht, Band 1, 1895, S. 267 ff.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> Hwang, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz\u00a0 und Wesensgehaltsgarantie, Hamburg, 2015, S. 44.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a>\u00a0 BVerfGE 42, 212 (220); Stern \/ Sachs, Das Staatsrecht der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Band III, Teilband 2, M\u00fcnchen, 1994, S. 768.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> BVerfGE\u00a0 43, 242 (288)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> BVerfGE 38, 348 (368)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> BVerfGE 43, 101 (106)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> BVerfGE 61, 126 (134)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> BVerfGE 81, 310 (338)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfG, Beschluss vom 26. Januar 1993 \u2013 1 BvL 38\/92, 1 BvL 40\/92, 1 BvL 43\/92 \u2013, BVerfGE 88, 87-103 (Vornamens\u00e4nderung bei Transsexuellen; BVerfG, Urteil vom 28. Mai 1993 \u2013 2 BvF 2\/90, 2 BvF 4\/92, 2 BvF 5\/92 \u2013, BVerfGE 88, 203-366 (Schwangerschaftsabbruch);<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> Ress, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit im deutschen Recht, in: Kutscher \/ Ress \/ Teitgen \/ Ermacora \/ Ubertazzi, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in europ\u00e4ischen Rechtsordnungen, 1985, S. 23 ff., 28<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> Gentz, NJW 1968, Heft 35, Zur Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit\u00a0 von Grundrechtsteingriffen, S. 1600 (1605); Dreier in: Dreier \/ Bauer, Grundgesetz Kommentar, Band 2, Mohr Siebeck,\u00a0 Art 20, Rn. 175, 1998, S. 196; Vgl. Merten, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, in: Merten \/ Papier (Hrsg.), Handbuch der Grundrechte in Deutschland und Europa, Band III, Teilband II, 2006,\u00a0 \u00a7 68, S. 517\u00a0 (542), Rn. 42; Vgl. auch BVerfGE 38, 348 (368)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> Stern, Das Staatsrecht der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, B III\/2, \u00a7 84, S. 761 ff<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfGE 79, 90 (91); 80, 36 (39); 83, 363 (392).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> Vgl. Ossenb\u00fchl, Vorsorge als Rechtsprinzip im Gesundheits-, arbeits- und Umweltschutz, NVwZ 1986, S. 161 ff.; Vgl. auch Hirschberg, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, G\u00f6ttingen, 1981, S. 25 ff<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> BVerfGE 7, 198, 204; 50, 290 (337); 68, 193 (205).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> Koutnatzis, Verfassungsvergleichende \u00dcberlegungen zur Rezeption des Grundsatzes der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in \u00dcbersee, VR\u00dc 44, 2011, S. 32 (33ff.)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> Grundgesetz f\u00fcr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland in der im Bundesgesetzblatt Teil III, Gliederungsnummer 100-1, ver\u00f6ffentlichten bereinigten Fassung, das zuletzt durch Artikel 1 des Gesetzes vom 23. Dezember 2014 (BGBl. I S. 2438) ge\u00e4ndert worden ist.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a> BVerfGE 24, 119 (145 f.).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> Vgl. Grabitz, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, A\u00f6R 98 1973, S. 558 (600).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\">[28]<\/a> Vgl. Emmerich-Fritsche, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit als Direktive und Schranke der EG-Rechtsetzung, Beitrag zum Europ\u00e4ischen Wirtschaftsrecht, Berlin, 2000, S. 329.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\">[29]<\/a> Stern, in: Stern \/ Becker, Grundrechte-Kommentar, 1. Auflage, 2010, S. 57, Rn. 135.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\">[30]<\/a> Vgl. Ossenb\u00fchl, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit (\u00dcberma\u00dfverbot) in der Rechtsprechung der Verwaltungsgerichte, Juristische Ausbildung 1997, S. 617 (617).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref31\" name=\"_ftn31\">[31]<\/a> Ibler, Wie konkretisiert Verwaltungsrecht Verfassungsrecht?, in: Konstanzer Symposium aus Anlass des 80. Geburtstages von Hartmut Maurer, 2012, S. 1 (2).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref32\" name=\"_ftn32\">[32]<\/a> Vgl. Hotz, Zur Notwendigkeit und Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit von Grundrechtseingriffen, Z\u00fcrich, 1977, S. 3 ff.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref33\" name=\"_ftn33\">[33]<\/a> Jarass, in: Jarass \/ Pieroth, Grundgesetz f\u00fcr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland, 13. Auflage, 2014, Art. 20, Rn. 81a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref34\" name=\"_ftn34\">[34]<\/a> Vgl. Stein \/ G\u00f6tz, Staatsrecht, 21. Auflage, T\u00fcbingen, 2010, \u00a7 30 V, S. 244.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref35\" name=\"_ftn35\">[35]<\/a> Pieroth, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit im Verwaltungsrecht, in: Kment \/ Jarass, Festschrift Hans D. Jarass zum 70. Geburtstag, M\u00fcnchen, 2015, S. 587 (592).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref36\" name=\"_ftn36\">[36]<\/a> Meister \/ Klatt, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, JuS 2014, S. 193 (194).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref37\" name=\"_ftn37\">[37]<\/a> BVerfGE 28, 264 (280); 30, 292 (316); 21, 150 (155); 27, 211 (219); 27, 344 (352); 34, 205 (209); 36, 47 (59); 37, 1 (18 f.); 38, 281 (302); BVerfGE 67, 157 (173); 70, 278 (286); 104, 347 ff.; 163, 182; BVerfGE 109, 188 (191).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref38\" name=\"_ftn38\">[38]<\/a> Es wird die Frage behandelt, ob ein legitimer Zweck vorliegt; BVerfGE 115, 276 (303); BVerfGE 124, 300 (331); Vgl. BVerfGE 80, 137 (159); 104, 337 (347); 107, 299 (316).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref39\" name=\"_ftn39\">[39]<\/a> Kim, Schranken und Schrankenschranken grundrechtlicher Abwehrrechte, Berlin, 2009, S. 115<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref40\" name=\"_ftn40\">[40]<\/a> BVerfGE 100, 313 (359); 115, 320 (345); 117, 163 (182); 124, 300 (331).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref41\" name=\"_ftn41\">[41]<\/a> BVerfGE 124, 300, 331<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref42\" name=\"_ftn42\">[42]<\/a> Epping, Grundrechte, Hamburg, 6. Auflage, 2014, Rn. 52.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref43\" name=\"_ftn43\">[43]<\/a> Cl\u00e9rico, Die Struktur der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, Baden-Baden, Nomos-Verl.-Ges., 2001, S. 31.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref44\" name=\"_ftn44\">[44]<\/a> Lothar, Die Drei Argumentationsstrukturen des Grundsatzes der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, Jus 2001, S. 148 (148) ; Ossenb\u00fchl, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit (\u00dcberma\u00dfverbot) in der Rechtsprechung der Verwaltungsgerichte, Jura 1997, 617 (618).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref45\" name=\"_ftn45\">[45]<\/a> Epping, Grundrechte, Hamburg, 6. Auflage, 2014, S. 22, Rn. 50.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref46\" name=\"_ftn46\">[46]<\/a> Vgl. Borowski, Die Bindung an Festsetzungen des Gesetzgebers in der grundrechtlichen Abw\u00e4gung, S. 99 (106 ff.), in: Laura Cl\u00e9rico, Jan-Reinard Sieckmann (Hrsg.), Grundrechte, Prinzipien und Argumentation, Baden- Baden 2009.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref47\" name=\"_ftn47\">[47]<\/a> Sie sind von der Verfassung selbst vorgegebene, sie sind unabh\u00e4ngig von einer bestimmten politischen Ausrichtung und k\u00f6nnen Freiheitseinschr\u00e4nkungen rechtfertigen. Ein Beispiel daf\u00fcr w\u00e4re die Wahrung der Volksgesundheit.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref48\" name=\"_ftn48\">[48]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfGE 33, 52 (71).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref49\" name=\"_ftn49\">[49]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfG v. 30.6.2009, NJW 2009, S.2267 (2270, Rn. 226); Merten, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, in: Merten \/ Papier (Hrsg.), Handbuch der Grundrechte in Deutschland und Europa, Band III, Teilband II, 2006, \u00a7 68, S. 517 (550), Rn. 60.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref50\" name=\"_ftn50\">[50]<\/a> F\u00fcr die, die durch Art. 22 Abs. 2 GG gesch\u00fctzten Staatsfarben stehen, vgl. BVerfGE 81, 278 (293); BVerfG (Kammer), NJW 2009, S. 908; vgl. auch BVerwG, DVBI. 2003, S. 873; BVerfG (Kammer) DVB1. 2004, S. 263. Dasselbe gilt f\u00fcr die Nationalhymne, vgl. BVerfG, Beschluss vom 07. M\u00e4rz 1990 \u2013 1 BvR 1215\/87 \u2013, BVerfGE 81, 298-309-, Juris.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref51\" name=\"_ftn51\">[51]<\/a> Art 11 Abs. 2 GG.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref52\" name=\"_ftn52\">[52]<\/a> Vgl. Art. 11 Abs. 2 GG<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref53\" name=\"_ftn53\">[53]<\/a> BVerfGE 28, 243 (261); BVerfGE 81, 156 (191f.); BVerfGE 14. 19 (23).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref54\" name=\"_ftn54\">[54]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfGE 13, 97 (107); Vgl. Auch Grabitz, Freiheit und Verfassungsrecht. Kritische<\/p>\n<p>Untersuchungen zur Dogmatik und Theorie der Freiheitsrechte, T\u00fcbingen 1976, S. 65 f.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref55\" name=\"_ftn55\">[55]<\/a> BVerfGE 13, 97 (107) = NJW 1961, 2011.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref56\" name=\"_ftn56\">[56]<\/a> Gentz, NJW 1968, Heft 35, Zur Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit von Grundrechtsteingriffen, S. 1600 (1602).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref57\" name=\"_ftn57\">[57]<\/a> Wienbracke, Der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, ZJS 2013, S. 148 (150); Merten, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, in: Merten \/ Papier (Hrsg.), Handbuch der Grundrechte in Deutschland und Europa, Band III, Teilband II, 2006, \u00a7 68, S. 547 f., Rn. 54 f.; Gentz, NJW 1968, Heft 35, Zur Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit von Grundrechtsteingriffen, S. 1600 (1602f.).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref58\" name=\"_ftn58\">[58]<\/a> Vgl. Pieroth \/ Schlink \/ Kingeen \/ Poscher, Grundrechte Staatsrecht II, Hamburg, 30. Auflage, 2014, S. 71, Rn. 290; Vgl. auch Mike Wienbracke, Der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, ZJS 2013, S. 148 (150).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref59\" name=\"_ftn59\">[59]<\/a> Wienbracke, Der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, ZJS 2013, S. 148 (149).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref60\" name=\"_ftn60\">[60]<\/a> Dieser Gedanke liegt \u00a7 240 Abs. 2 StGB (Rechtswidrigkeit der N\u00f6tigung) zugrunde; Vgl. Gentz, NJW 1968, Zur Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit von Grundrechtseingriffen, S. 1600 (1600).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref61\" name=\"_ftn61\">[61]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfGE 18, 121 (132); Vgl. auch Schlink, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, in: Badura \/ Dreier (Hrsg.), Festschrift 50 Jahre Bundesverfassungsgericht, Band II, 2001, S. 445 (451); Schachtschneider, Karl Albrecht , Prinzipien des Rechtsstaates, Berlin 2006, S. 349.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref62\" name=\"_ftn62\">[62]<\/a> Torben Westerhoff, Die Pr\u00fcfung der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit im Rahmen gebundener Entscheidungen, Frankfurt, 1. Auflage 2016, S. 63.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref63\" name=\"_ftn63\">[63]<\/a> Pieroth, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit im Verwaltungsrecht, in: Kment \/ Jarass, Festschrift Hans D. Jarass zum 70. Geburtstag, M\u00fcnchen, 2015, S. 587 (590).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref64\" name=\"_ftn64\">[64]<\/a> BVerfGE 33, 125, (156)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref65\" name=\"_ftn65\">[65]<\/a> Epping, Grundrechte, Hamburg, 6. Auflage, 2014, Rn. 43.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref66\" name=\"_ftn66\">[66]<\/a> Gentz, NJW 1968, Heft 35, Zur Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit von Grundrechtseingriffen, S. 1600 (1602).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref67\" name=\"_ftn67\">[67]<\/a> BGHSt. 5, 332ff.=NJW 54, 649, 50.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref68\" name=\"_ftn68\">[68]<\/a> Gentz, NJW 1968, Heft 35, Zur Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit von Grundrechtsteingriffen, S. 1600 (1602).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref69\" name=\"_ftn69\">[69]<\/a> Brammer, Das Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsprinzip nach deutschem und belgischem Recht, Aachen: Shaker, 2001 S. 45<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref70\" name=\"_ftn70\">[70]<\/a> BVerfGE 67, 157 (173); 33, 171 (187); 30, 292 (316); 100, 313 (373); 96, 10 (23); Vgl. BVerfGE 113, 167 (234); 120, 224 (240); 126, 112 (144); 103, 293 (307).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref71\" name=\"_ftn71\">[71]<\/a> BVerfGE 110, 141(164).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref72\" name=\"_ftn72\">[72]<\/a> Cl\u00e9rico, Die Struktur der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, Baden-Baden, Nomos-Verl.-Ges., 2001, S. 37.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref73\" name=\"_ftn73\">[73]<\/a> Cl\u00e9rico, Die Struktur der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, Baden-Baden, Nomos-Verl.-Ges., 2001, S. 37.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref74\" name=\"_ftn74\">[74]<\/a> Cl\u00e9rico, Die Struktur der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, Baden-Baden, Nomos-Verl.-Ges., 2001, S. 38.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref75\" name=\"_ftn75\">[75]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfGE 73, 301 (317); 16, 147 (183); 65, 116 (126); 16, 147 (183); 7, 377 (412); 13, 97 (113).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref76\" name=\"_ftn76\">[76]<\/a> Brammer, Das Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsprinzip nach deutschem und belgischem Recht, Aachen: Shaker, 2001, S. 48.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref77\" name=\"_ftn77\">[77]<\/a> Westerhoff, Die Pr\u00fcfung der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit im Rahmen gebundener Entscheidungen, Frankfurt, 1. Auflage 2016, S. 64; Jakobs, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, Band III, 1985, S. 61f; Yi, Das Gebot der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der grundrechtlichen Argumentation, Frankfurt am Main, 1998, S. 113.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref78\" name=\"_ftn78\">[78]<\/a> Vgl. Gentz, NJW 1968, Heft 35, Zur Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit von Grundrechtsteingriffen, S.1600 (1603).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref79\" name=\"_ftn79\">[79]<\/a> BVerfGE 17, 307 (315ff.).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref80\" name=\"_ftn80\">[80]<\/a> BVerwGE 27, 181(187f.); Vgl. Stein \/ G\u00f6tz, Staatsrecht, 21. Auflage, T\u00fcbingen, 2010, \u00a7 30 V, S. 245.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref81\" name=\"_ftn81\">[81]<\/a> Yi, Das Gebot der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der grundrechtlichen Argumentation, Frankfurt am Main, 1998, S. 113.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref82\" name=\"_ftn82\">[82]<\/a> Yi, Das Gebot der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der grundrechtlichen Argumentation, Frankfurt am Main, 1998, S. 113.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref83\" name=\"_ftn83\">[83]<\/a> Grabitz, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts, in: A\u00f6R 98 (1973), S. 569 (572 ff.).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref84\" name=\"_ftn84\">[84]<\/a> BVerfGE 25, 1 (12f.); 30, 250 (263).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref85\" name=\"_ftn85\">[85]<\/a> BVerfGE 37, 1 (20), E.N. : Stabilisierungsfond, Weinwirtschaftsabgabe von 05.03.1974<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref86\" name=\"_ftn86\">[86]<\/a> Grabitz, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts, in: A\u00f6R 98 (1973), S. 568 (572).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref87\" name=\"_ftn87\">[87]<\/a> Vgl. Grabitz, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts, in: A\u00f6R 98 (1973), S. 568 (572 ff.).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref88\" name=\"_ftn88\">[88]<\/a> Dieser Gedanke findet sich bereits in den Bestimmungen \u00fcber die Polizeiverf\u00fcgungen (Preu\u00dfisches Polizeiverwaltungsgesetz), z. B. \u00a7 41 Abs. 2 PrPVG redet vom geringsten m\u00f6glichen Eingriff; Die Erforderlichkeit ist die zweite Stufe der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitspr\u00fcfung.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref89\" name=\"_ftn89\">[89]<\/a> Pieroth \/ Schlink \/ Kingeen \/ Poscher, Grundrechte Staatsrecht II, Hamburg, 30. Auflage, 2014, S. 73, Rn. 298.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref90\" name=\"_ftn90\">[90]<\/a> Vgl. Merten, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, in: Merten \/ Papier (Hrsg.), Handbuch der Grundrechte in Deutschland und Europa, Band III, Teilband II, 2006, \u00a7 68, S. 517 (554), Rn. 66; Gr\u00f6pl, Staatsrecht I, M\u00fcnchen , 7. Auflage, 2015, S. 129, Rn. 539; Pieroth \/ Schlink \/ Kingeen \/ Poscher, Grundrechte Staatsrecht II, Hamburg, 30. Auflage, 2014, S. 72, Rn. 295; K. Hesse, Grundz\u00fcge des Verfassungsrechts der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, 20. Auf, Heidelberg 1995, Rn. 318.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref91\" name=\"_ftn91\">[91]<\/a> Aus der gro\u00dfen Zahl der Entscheidungen vgl. BVerfGE 33, 171 (187); 25, 1, (17); 34, 71 (78); 38, 281 (302); 40, 196 (223); 39, 210 (230); 37, 1 (21); 7, 377, 405=NJW 58, 1035 (1038).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref92\" name=\"_ftn92\">[92]<\/a> Westerhoff, Die Pr\u00fcfung der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit im Rahmen gebundener Entscheidungen, Frankfurt, 1. Auflage 2016, S. 65; Ossenb\u00fchl, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der Rechtsprechung der Verwaltungsgerichte, Juristische Ausbildung, 1997, S. 617 (618).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref93\" name=\"_ftn93\">[93]<\/a> Ossenb\u00fchl, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der Rechtsprechung der Verwaltungsgerichte, Juristische Ausbildung, 1997, S. 617 (618).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref94\" name=\"_ftn94\">[94]<\/a> Hirschberg, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, G\u00f6ttingen, 1981, S. 248.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref95\" name=\"_ftn95\">[95]<\/a> Lerche, \u00dcberma\u00df und Verfassungsrecht, S. 19.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref96\" name=\"_ftn96\">[96]<\/a> BVerfGE 40,371 (383)- Verbot von reinen Werbefahrten; 45, 297 (335)- Hamburgisches Enteignungsgesetz; 65, 116 (127)- Patentanw\u00e4lte; 67, 157 (176)- Post-und Telefonkontrolle; 68,193 (219)- Kostend\u00e4mpfung-Erg\u00e4nzungsgesetz; 83, 1 (19)- K\u00fcrzung von Anwaltsgeb\u00fchren;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref97\" name=\"_ftn97\">[97]<\/a> BVerfGE 49, 24 (58)- kontaktsperregesetz; 38, 281 (302)- Arbeitnehmerkammern; Vgl. auch BVerfGE 81, 156 (193)- Arbeitsf\u00f6rderungsgesetz; 47, 109 (119)- pornographische Filme.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref98\" name=\"_ftn98\">[98]<\/a> Kim, Schranken und Schrankenschranken grundrechtlicher Abwehrrechte, Berlin, 2009, S. 122.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref99\" name=\"_ftn99\">[99]<\/a> Hwang, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz und Wesensgehaltsgarantie, Hamburg, 2015, S. 61.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref100\" name=\"_ftn100\">[100]<\/a> Ress, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit im deutschen Recht, in: Kutscher \/ Ress \/ Teitgen \/ Ermacora \/ Ubertazzi, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in europ\u00e4ischen Rechtsordnungen, 1985, S. 20.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref101\" name=\"_ftn101\">[101]<\/a> BVerfGE 117, 163 (189)-Erfolgshonorare; BVerfGE 102, 197 (218)-Spielbankengesetz Baden- W\u00fcrttemberg; BVerfGE 110, 141(157)- Kampfhunde.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref102\" name=\"_ftn102\">[102]<\/a> Hwang, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz und Wesensgehaltsgarantie, Hamburg, 2015, S. 62.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref103\" name=\"_ftn103\">[103]<\/a> BVerfGE 117, 163 (189)-Erfolgshonorare; BVerfGE 102, 197 (218)-Spielbankengesetz Baden- W\u00fcrttemberg; BVerfGE 110, 141(157)- Kampfhunde.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref104\" name=\"_ftn104\">[104]<\/a> Eine Ma\u00dfnahme kann nicht mehr angemessen sein, wenn sie nicht schon erforderlich ist. s. Wienbracke, Der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, ZJS 2013, S. 148 (152).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref105\" name=\"_ftn105\">[105]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfGE 33, 240 (224), 30, 290 (316); 102, 197 (220); 126, 112 (152f.)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref106\" name=\"_ftn106\">[106]<\/a> BVerfGE 105, 17 (36)- Sozialpfandbrief; BVerfGE 113, 29 (54)- Beschlagnahme von Datentr\u00e4gern; BVerfGE 90, 145 (173)- Cannabis.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref107\" name=\"_ftn107\">[107]<\/a> Merten, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, in: Merten \/ Papier (Hrsg.), Handbuch der Grundrechte in Deutschland und Europa, Band III, Teilband II, 2006, \u00a7 68, S. 517 (556 f.), Rn. 71.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref108\" name=\"_ftn108\">[108]<\/a> Alexy, Theorie der Grundrechte, 1994, Frankfurt am Main, 2 Auflage, S. 100.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref109\" name=\"_ftn109\">[109]<\/a> Diese Proportionalit\u00e4t verhindert, dass &#8220;der Zweck die Mittel heiligt\u201c; s. Merten, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, in: Merten \/ Papier (Hrsg.), Handbuch der Grundrechte in Deutschland und Europa, Band III, Teilband II, 2006, \u00a7 68, S. 517 (556 f.), Rn. 71.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref110\" name=\"_ftn110\">[110]<\/a> Z.B. BVerfGE 15, 226 (234)- vorkonstitutionelles Gewohnheitsrecht; BVerfGE 35, 202 (232)- Lebach, Lebach-Urteil; BVerfGE 10, 89 (117)- Erftverband.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref111\" name=\"_ftn111\">[111]<\/a> Alexy, Theorie der Grundrechte, Frankfurt am Main, 1994, S. 146.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref112\" name=\"_ftn112\">[112]<\/a> Merten, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, in: Merten \/ Papier (Hrsg.), Handbuch der Grundrechte in Deutschland und Europa, Band III, Teilband II, 2006, \u00a7 68, S. 517 (559), Rn. 75.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref113\" name=\"_ftn113\">[113]<\/a> Art. 6 Abs. 3 GG.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref114\" name=\"_ftn114\">[114]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfGE 8, 274 (310); 10, 345 (369); 12, 45 (52); 16, 194 (202); 17, 108 (117); 20, 45 (49f.); 20, 144 (148); 20, 162 (187); 21, 220 (222); 22, 180 (220); 27, 36 (43); 27, 180 (188); 27, 231 (239); 27, 211 (219); 28, 264 (280).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref115\" name=\"_ftn115\">[115]<\/a> BVerfGE 84, 133, (153): \u201eDie Regelung ist bei einer Abw\u00e4gung zwischen dem Gemeinschaftsgut, dem sie dient, mit der Schwere des Eingriffs im allgemeinen noch angemessen.\u201c; Hwang, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz und Wesensgehaltsgarantie, Hamburg, 2015, S. 67.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref116\" name=\"_ftn116\">[116]<\/a> BVerfGE 10, 89 (109); 71, 162 (181); 59, 231 (265); 76, 1 (51); 38, 281 (302).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref117\" name=\"_ftn117\">[117]<\/a> BVerfGE 67, 157 (178): \u201eBei einer Gesamtabw\u00e4gung zwischen der schwere des Eingriffs und dem Gewicht sowie der Dringlichkeit der ihn rechtfertigenden Gr\u00fcnde muss die Grenze der Zumutbarkeit noch gewahrt sein\u201c; Cl\u00e9rico, Die Struktur der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, Baden-Baden, Nomos-Verl.-Ges., 2001, S. 144ff.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref118\" name=\"_ftn118\">[118]<\/a> Grabitz, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts, in: A\u00f6R 98 (1973), S. 568 (576); Westerhoff, Die Pr\u00fcfung der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit im Rahmen gebundener Entscheidungen, Frankfurt, 1. Auflage 2016, S. 67.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref119\" name=\"_ftn119\">[119]<\/a> Meister \/ Klatt, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, JuS 2014, S. 193 (196).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref120\" name=\"_ftn120\">[120]<\/a> Wienbracke, Der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, ZJS 2013, S. 148 (257).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref121\" name=\"_ftn121\">[121]<\/a> Hwang, Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz und Wesensgehaltsgarantie, Hamburg, 2015, S. 68.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref122\" name=\"_ftn122\">[122]<\/a> Westerhoff, Die Pr\u00fcfung der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit im Rahmen gebundener Entscheidungen, Frankfurt, 1. Auflage 2016, S. 67.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref123\" name=\"_ftn123\">[123]<\/a> Vgl. Meister \/ Klatt, Der Grundsatz der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeit, JuS 2014, S. 193 (196).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref124\" name=\"_ftn124\">[124]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfGE 100, 313 (376).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref125\" name=\"_ftn125\">[125]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfGE 113, 63 (83); 120, 274 (327).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref126\" name=\"_ftn126\">[126]<\/a> Wienbracke, Der Verh\u00e4ltnism\u00e4\u00dfigkeitsgrundsatz, ZJS 2013, 148 (153).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref127\" name=\"_ftn127\">[127]<\/a> Vgl. Alexy, Theorie der Grundrechte, 1994, S. 146.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref128\" name=\"_ftn128\">[128]<\/a> Vgl. BVerfGE 118, 168 (195); 11, 30 (44f.); 17, 232 (242); 23, 50 (56); 25, 1 (22); 26, 259 (264)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref129\" name=\"_ftn129\">[129]<\/a> Vgl. Morlok, Grundrechte, Baden-Baden, 5. Auflage, 2016, Rn. 625 f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a &nbsp; \u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u060c &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1637,"featured_media":3219,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,18],"tags":[1758,1760,1759,1761,1547,1757,1756],"class_list":["post-3218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-14","category-18","tag-1758","tag-1760","tag-1759","tag-1761","tag-1547","tag-1757","tag-1756"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1637"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3218"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3218\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3223,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3218\/revisions\/3223"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3219"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}