{"id":2285,"date":"2019-12-13T19:40:09","date_gmt":"2019-12-13T17:40:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arabprf.com\/?p=2285"},"modified":"2019-12-13T19:40:09","modified_gmt":"2019-12-13T17:40:09","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%85%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85-%d9%85%d8%a7-%d8%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/?p=2285","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u062f\/<\/strong><strong>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0629\u00a0<\/strong>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 &#8220;\u0623&#8221;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u0628\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u0623\/ \u0644\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0629\u00a0<\/strong>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0623<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u0651\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0636\u062d\u062a &#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628\u0629&#8221; &#8220;\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>We are trying from this research paper to focus on the definition of the security and the security threats in the concepts in the international relationships\u2026and emphasis on the most important changes coming from the end of the cold war, which effected many fields and concepts, such like the security, so we find new definitions started being initial, like the human security, without forgetting the change in the nature of the security threats; to be more complicated new and multi transnational non-state actors<\/p>\n<pre><strong>R\u00e9sum\u00e9 <\/strong><\/pre>\n<pre>Cet article vise \u00e0 discuter du concept des menaces s\u00e9curitaires et de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au sens donn\u00e9dans la litt\u00e9rature des relations internationales, en prenant en compte les principaux param\u00e8tres qui ont accompagn\u00e9 la fin de la guerre froide. Une situation qui a fortement particip\u00e9 \u00e0 la transformation du concept de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, pour passer d\u2019un souci exclusif de l\u2019Etat \u00e0 une s\u00e9curit\u00e9 qui englobales individus et les groupes, tout en montrant la nature des menaces qui sontdevenues de plus en plus complexes, diversifi\u00e9es et en perp\u00e9tuel changement impliquant d\u2019autres acteurs que l\u2019Etat<\/pre>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 &#8211; \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629- \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062f\u0651 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627(\u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>01- \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>02-\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>03- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 (<span dir=\"LTR\">Barry Buzan<\/span>) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">1<\/span><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">2<\/span><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">3<\/span><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">4<\/span><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">5<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0638\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0644<span dir=\"LTR\">\u00a0Justice<\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Peace<\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Equality<\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Freedom<\/span>\u00a0\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">6<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 _\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646_ \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Power<\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Security<\/span><sup><span dir=\"LTR\">7<\/span><\/sup>\u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631&#8221;\u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637&#8221; \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639..<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0640\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0636\u062f &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0632\u0639&#8221;.. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u062f\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0632\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0646<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">8<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0\u0641\u0623\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e\u060c \u064a\u064e\u0623\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0646\u064f\u060c \u0623\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0652 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0622\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">9<\/span><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642) \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a&#8221;<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">10<\/span><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<strong>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221;<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">11<\/span><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0645\u0627\u0646\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Walter Lippman<\/span>:&#8221;\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629_ \u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a_ \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0647\u0630\u0647&#8221;<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">12<\/span><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0622\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0632\u00a0&#8220;<span dir=\"LTR\">Arnold Wolfers<\/span>\u00a0\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 &#8220;\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0645\u0627\u0646&#8221;: &#8220;\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645&#8221;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627&#8221; \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 &#8220;\u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">&#8220;\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0632&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0645\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u00a0\u0623\u0636\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 _\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646_ \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 &#8220;\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0632&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0639 &#8220;\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0645\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 &#8220;\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0645\u0627\u0646&#8221; &#8220;\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u064f\u0624\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0641 &#8220;\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627&#8221;\u00a0&#8220;<span dir=\"LTR\">Robert Mcnamara<\/span>&#8221; \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646&#8221; \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0646:&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646&#8221;.<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">13<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 _ \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631_\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u00a0&#8220;<span dir=\"LTR\">Barry Buzan<\/span>&#8221; \u0641\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: &#8220;\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f<span dir=\"LTR\">Pursuit of freedom from threat<\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">States<\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Societies<\/span>\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a&#8221;<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">14<\/span><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 &#8221; \u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062b \u0648 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0631&#8221; &#8220;<span dir=\"LTR\">Booth and wheeler\u00a0<\/span>&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\/ \u0625\u0646\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0642&#8221;<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">15<\/span><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f&#8221;<span dir=\"LTR\">Dominuque David<\/span>&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647: &#8220;\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627&#8221;<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">16<\/span><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u00a0\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0646: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0647\u061f \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0630\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f&#8221; \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0648\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 &#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0649&#8221; \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">17<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 &#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 &#8221; \u0633\u0639\u064a&#8221; &#8221; \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631&#8221; \u0648 &#8221; \u0648\u0639\u064a\u062f&#8221; \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a..) \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u2013 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0633\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Type<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\">of threats by sector<\/span>:<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">18<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>&#8211; \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a:\u00a0<\/strong>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>&#8211; \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>-\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0623\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>&#8211; \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a:<\/strong>\u00a0\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>&#8211; \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0642 &#8221; \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Strong states<sup>19<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">weak states<\/span>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0640\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0636\u0640\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0640\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0640\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0640\u0646 \u2013 \u0645\u0635\u0640\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">state as source of threats<sup>20<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0644\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a.<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">21<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8221; \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">R.Kaplan<\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u0649 &#8220;\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">The Atlantic<\/span>\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;<span dir=\"LTR\">\u00a0The coming Anarchy<\/span>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629\u0623\u0646:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Scarity<\/span>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629<span dir=\"LTR\">Crime<\/span>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Over population<\/span>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<span dir=\"LTR\">Tribalism<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 .. \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0647: &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0646\u0627&#8221;<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">22<\/span><\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 &#8220;\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0631\u0645\u0632\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">The environment<\/span>\u00a0\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Diminsinishing Natural Resoures<\/span>\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062c\u062c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0628 &#8220;\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a) \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 &#8221; \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u00a0&#8220;<span dir=\"LTR\">Premonition of the future<\/span>&#8221; \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 &#8221; \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646&#8221;<span dir=\"LTR\">.<sup>23<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645&#8221; \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 (<\/strong><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Individual Risks<\/span><\/strong><strong>):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0643\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 (<\/strong><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Community Risks<\/span><\/strong><strong>):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f (<\/strong><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Cross Border Threats<\/span><\/strong><strong>):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0641\u0629 (<\/strong><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Ceeping Crises<\/span><\/strong><strong>):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 (<\/strong><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Potential catastrophes<\/span><\/strong><strong>):<\/strong>\u00a0\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u062f\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649.<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">24<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 &#8220;\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u064a\u062d &#8220;<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">25<\/span><\/sup>\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">26<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629.<sup><span dir=\"LTR\">27<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<span dir=\"LTR\">.<sup>28<\/sup><\/span><span dir=\"LTR\">Diffusions technologiques<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<sup>29<\/sup>\u00a0\/ \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Les Enjeux Environnement<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621:<sup>30<\/sup><span dir=\"LTR\">Migrations clandestines et r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628.<sup>31<\/sup>\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Criminalit\u00e9 trans-frontali\u00e8re et terrorisme<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0<\/strong>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0631\u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a- \u0644\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>1- \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u00a0 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629(\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0642\u064a)<sup>32<\/sup>\u00a0\u060c\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u00a0\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0629\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u00a0<strong>\u0625<\/strong>\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627<sup>33<\/sup>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u00a0<strong>61\u00a0<\/strong>\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u00a0<strong>58<\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 -\u0623\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629\u00a0<strong>95%\u00a0<\/strong>\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627- \u0648<strong>90%\u00a0<\/strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<sup>34<\/sup>\u00a0(\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>2-<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u00a0\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1999 \u0623\u0642\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1949 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0640 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0646\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<sup>35<\/sup><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">3<\/span><\/strong><strong>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u00a0<sup>36<\/sup>\u00a0\u0648\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629.<sup>37<\/sup><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">4<\/span><\/strong><strong>-\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2001 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0650\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u00a0 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0636\u062f &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628&#8221; -\u0643\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645-\u00a0 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629<sup>38<\/sup>\u00a0\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u062d\u0629\u00a0 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2001\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0634\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2003\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u00a0 \u0643\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u00a0 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 ( \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2002) \u0636\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639<sup>39<\/sup>. \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647<sup>40<\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0632 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u00a0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 -\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a &#8211; \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c &#8220;\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u060c\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">New and Old Wars Organized\u00a0<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\">violence in Global Era\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0&#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629&#8221; \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629<span dir=\"LTR\">Asymmetric<\/span>\u00a0<sup>41<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1945 \u0625\u0644\u06491989 \u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629) \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u00a0 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644<sup>42<\/sup>\u00a0\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645\u0629&#8221;<sup>43<\/sup>\u00a0\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0643\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u00a0<strong>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u00a0<strong>\u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0628 &#8220;\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0643\u064a&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0631 &#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642&#8221; \u0641\u0644\u0645 &#8221; \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0629&#8221;<sup>44<\/sup>\u00a0 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 &#8221; \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628&#8221;\u00a0<sup>45<\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644<sup>46<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<sup>47<\/sup>\u00a0\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627\u00a0<sup>48<\/sup>\u00a0\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0648\u062c \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0632\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634 &#8221; \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0645&#8221; \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\/ \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062b\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Ken Booth<\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0628\u0647&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u0640: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a .<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f&#8221;<sup>49<\/sup>\u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649&#8221; \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">la<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\">diffusion des risque<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\">s<\/span><sup>50<\/sup>\u00a0\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d&#8221; \u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647&#8221; \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0634\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0629<sup>51<\/sup>\u00a0\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631<sup>52<\/sup>\u00a0\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a<span dir=\"LTR\">Multidirectional<\/span>\u00a0\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Traditionnel interstate conflict<\/span>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 (\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\/ \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627) \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646<sup>53<\/sup>\u00a0\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 &#8221; \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0651&#8221; \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0644\u062f&#8221;<span dir=\"LTR\">Held<\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">Globalisation Transformation<\/span>\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647<sup>54<\/sup>:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">&#8211; \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062b\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<sup>55<\/sup><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">&#8211; \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062e\u0648\u0636 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">MTR<\/span>\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">&#8211; \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644<sup>56<\/sup><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0630\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646- \u0643\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"RTL\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064f\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644\u05c3<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a .<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/strong>\u00a0\u0648<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0645\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u00a0\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0635\u0637\u0628\u063a \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0626 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u00a0 \u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0623\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<span dir=\"LTR\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$11.\u00a0\u00a0\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646: \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647:\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f19\u060c \u0635\u064a\u0641 2008\u060c \u0635 09.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$12.\u00a0\u00a0\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 143\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2004. \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 :\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<span dir=\"LTR\">http:\/\/acpss.ahram.org.eg\/ahram\/2001\/1\/1\/SBOK20.HTM<\/span><\/p>\n<p>$13.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Thierry Balzac\u00a0; \u00abQu&#8217;est-ce que la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale\u00a0\u00bb \u00a0; revue International\u00a0; n\u00b052\u00a0; hiver 2003-2004\u00a0;p33<span dir=\"RTL\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$14.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>$15.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0David Baldwin; \u201cThe concept of security\u201d Review of International Studies;\u00a0 n\u00b0 23,1997. pp 5 -26 obtenu en par courant:\u00a0http:\/\/tau.ac.il\/~daniel\/pdf\/37.pdf<span dir=\"RTL\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>$16.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Barry Buzan; People state and Fear the national security problem in international relations. Great Britain: Wheatshe of Books; 1983; p6<span dir=\"RTL\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>$17.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ibid; p 6-7<span dir=\"RTL\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$18.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 :\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642. 1998\u060c \u0635 5.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$19.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0634\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. 2001 \u060c \u0635 22.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$110.\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u06373. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 1990\u060c \u063533.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$111.\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629.\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b. 2006\u060c \u06351977.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$112.\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633\u060c\u00a0&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629&#8221;\u00a0\u0641\u064a: \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0631: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.2004 . \u0635414<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$113.\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u060c 2007\u060c \u063506.<\/p>\n<p>$114.Jef Huysmans;\u00a0 The politics of insecurity fear, migration and asylmin The EU; London: Routledge\u00a0; p48<span dir=\"RTL\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$115.\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635414.<\/p>\n<p>$116.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Charles Philippe David; Jean Jacques Roche;\u00a0<span dir=\"RTL\">T<\/span>h<span dir=\"RTL\">\u00e9<\/span>ories de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9: d\u00e9finition, approches et concepts de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 international. Parism: MontChrestien; 2002\u00a0;\u00a0\u00a0p85<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$117.\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c 2004\u060c \u0635 11.<\/p>\n<p>$118.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Barry Buzan\u00a0; People state and fear the International searity Problem in International Relations. Great Britain, wheatsheef Book LTD;\u00a01983; p85.<\/p>\n<p>$119.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ibid\u00a0; p65<\/p>\n<p>$120.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0bid\u00a0;p24<\/p>\n<p>$121.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ibid\u00a0<span dir=\"RTL\">.<\/span>p83<\/p>\n<p>$122.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Robert D. Kaplan,\u00a0<span dir=\"RTL\">&#8220;<\/span>The coming Anarchy How\u00a0scarity, crime, over population, tribalism, and disease are rapidly destroying the social fabric of our planet<span dir=\"RTL\">&#8220;<\/span>.Obtenu en parcourant\u00a0: www.Theatlantic.com\/&#8230;\/1994\/&#8230;\/the-coming-anarchy\/4670\/.<\/p>\n<p>$123.Ibidem.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$124.\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u063512.<\/p>\n<p>$125.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Charles-Philippe David et Afef Benssaieh, \u00ab\u00a0La paix par l\u2019int\u00e9gration\u00a0? th\u00e9ories sur l\u2019interd\u00e9pendance et les nouveaux probl\u00e8me de s\u00e9curit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb.\u00a0\u00c9tude internationales, vol.28, n\u00b02, 1997\u00a0, P227-254.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637- \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>$126.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ibid.p245.<\/p>\n<p>$127.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ibid.p247.<\/p>\n<p>$128.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ibid.p249.<\/p>\n<p>$129.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ibid<span dir=\"RTL\">.<\/span>p250.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$1\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$130.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$131.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<span dir=\"LTR\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$132.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<span dir=\"LTR\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$133.\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<span dir=\"LTR\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$134.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 .<strong>\u00a0&#8220;<\/strong>\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<strong>&#8220;<\/strong>.\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n<p>$135.http:\/\/\u00a0afkaronlin\/org\/arabic\/archives\/mar-avr2003\/nafia. html<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$136.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0632\u0642\u0627\u063a\u060c&#8221; \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a&#8221; \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n<p>www.geocites.co;\/adelweggqh\/reconl1html?2008<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$137.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u062e\u062f\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u060c\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 &#8230;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 .\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 :<\/p>\n<p>www.islamonline.net\/arabic\/mafahem\/2003\/09\/article01.html<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$138.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 . &#8220;\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629:\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629&#8221;.\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n<p>\/\/aharm.org\/acpss\/ahram\/2001\/1sbock.html\u00a0<span dir=\"RTL\">\u05c3<\/span>\u00a0http<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$139.\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$140.\u0623\u0645\u062d\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 &#8220;\u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 2006\/2007.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$141.\u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$142.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0648\u064a \u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a&#8221;\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n<p>\/\/www.kk<span dir=\"RTL\">\u05c3<\/span>http Maq.gov.sa\/Detail.asp?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$143.\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c &#8221; \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a&#8221; .\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 276\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a 2002. \u063513.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$144.\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u063514-15<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$145.\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0634\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 &#8220;. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 03 \u060c\u0645\u0627\u064a 2008. \u063508.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$146.\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649: \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a 1991\u060c \u063519.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$147.\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$148.\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u060c&#8221; \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646<span dir=\"LTR\">http:\/\/www.project.syndicate.orgcntribtor\/422<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\">:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$149.\u0628\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 03 .\u0645\u0627\u064a 2008\u060c \u063522.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$150.\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0648- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0647&#8221; \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a.\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 03. \u0645\u0627\u064a 2008\u060c\u063513.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$151.\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f&#8221;. \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c\u00a0\u063503.<\/p>\n<p>$152.Charles Philippe David\u00a0; Jean-Jacques Roche\u00a0;opcit.\u00a0p<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$153.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0628\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646&#8221; \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www:dam.org\/politic\/03\/ind frt001.html<\/p>\n<p>$154.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ken Booth;&#8221;Critcal Security and World Politics&#8221;.Obtenu en parcourant<\/p>\n<p>:http:\/\/www.rienner.com\/uploads\/47de9724oc790.pdf<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$155.\u063a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u060c11 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u06312001\u060c \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 105. \u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 2002. \u063534<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$156.\u00a0\u00a0\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 &#8221; \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u062f. \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0631: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636:\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a. 2002\u060c \u0635 -132.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$157.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u064a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647&#8221; \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">$158.\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646:&#8221; \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u062f\/\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0629\u00a0\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 &#8220;\u0623&#8221; \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u0628\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\/ \u0644\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0629\u00a0\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0623 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635: \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u0651\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2287,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[1271,705,1194,1272],"class_list":["post-2285","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-24","tag-1271","tag-705","tag-1194","tag-1272"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2285","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2285"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2285\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2287"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2285"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2285"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2285"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}