{"id":1806,"date":"2019-11-14T18:28:41","date_gmt":"2019-11-14T16:28:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arabprf.com\/?p=1806"},"modified":"2019-11-14T18:28:41","modified_gmt":"2019-11-14T16:28:41","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%85%d9%80%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%ae%d9%80%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%b1%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/?p=1806","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0640\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0640\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span lang=\"AR-LB\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0640\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0640\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><b><strong>\u0623.\u062f. \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0634<\/strong><\/b><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><b><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u062c\u0640\u0627\u0645\u0640\u0639\u0640\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/b><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Le syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectoral au Liban repr\u00e9sente un cas unique au monde, ce pays applique un syst\u00e8me majoritaire combin\u00e9 au vote par si\u00e8ges parlementaires dans les circonscriptions \u00e9lectorales et au vote collectif depuis la moiti\u00e9 du 19 si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0Ce syst\u00e8me a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u dans une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 compos\u00e9e de couches sociales h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8nes (Musulmans sunnite et chiite, Chr\u00e9tiens maronites, \u2026.)\u00a0par l\u2019occupation \u00e9trang\u00e8re occidentale \u00e0 la fin de la pr\u00e9sence ottomane dans le monde arabe.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Le syst\u00e8me de vote majoritaire libanais exclu les forces politiques de la repr\u00e9sentation parlementaire et les\u00a0\u00a0emp\u00eache de remplir correctement leur mandat de repr\u00e9sentation. Il a au contraire,\u00a0\u00a0contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 plonger le Liban dans une instabilit\u00e9 politique constante et l\u2019a conduit \u00e0 la guerre civile de 1975.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Depuis la cr\u00e9ation de la R\u00e9publique libanaise en\u00a01943\u00a0\u00e0 nos jours, les libanais ont essay\u00e9 les d\u00e9coupages de circonscriptions \u00e9lectorales les plus divers, ces syst\u00e8mes non seulement ne refl\u00e9taient pas une repr\u00e9sentation \u00e9quitable de la population, ne sont pas adapt\u00e9s aux composantes sociales du Liban et ne r\u00e9pondaient\u00a0\u00a0gu\u00e8re aux aspirations du peuple libanais ce qui a entrain\u00e9 le pays \u00e0 un d\u00e9sordre civil.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Les modifications \u00e9lectorales ont jusqu\u2019ici port\u00e9 seulement sur la taille de la circonscription \u00e9lectorale sans jamais changer la structure du syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectoral, c\u2019est la raison pour laquelle le Liban passe par des crises d\u2019instabilit\u00e9 politique et sociale.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646..<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: 15\/7\/1929-10\/5\/1932.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: 30\/1\/1934-24\/7\/1937.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: 26\/10\/1937-21\/9\/1939 (\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629)<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633: 21\/9\/1943 \u2013 2\/4\/1947.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633: 25\/5\/1947-20\/5\/1951.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639: 5\/6\/1951-3\/5\/1953.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646: 13\/8\/1957-12\/8\/1958.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639:12\/8\/1958&#8211;\/8\/1960.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631: 14\/6\/1960-8\/5\/1964.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631: 5\/4\/1964-8\/4\/1968.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631: 8\/5\/1968 \u2013 1974.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1975 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 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\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2- \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u2013 2\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1970\u060c \u06352.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1991\u060c \u063546.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0628\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 37\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2003\u060c \u063531.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5- \u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f. \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06372\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1986\u060c \u063543.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">6- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u063543.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">7- \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06357.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">8- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u063523.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">9- \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062c\u0632\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1970\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1976.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<sup>0<\/sup>&#8211; \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063528-29.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<sup>1<\/sup>&#8211; \u0636\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1974 (\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063540).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<sup>2<\/sup>&#8211; \u0628\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648\u063a\u0633\u062a (\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646): \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635&#8221;\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c 2003\u060c \u063519.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<sup>3<\/sup>&#8211; \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062f. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645: 1- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c 1994\u060c \u0635759.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<sup>4<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635 \u062d\u060c \u064a\u060c \u0637.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<sup>5<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 \u064a\u060c \u0643\u060c \u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<sup>6<\/sup>-\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<sup>7<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631: \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2003\u060c \u063574.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<sup>8<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u063575.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<sup>9<\/sup>&#8211; \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635396.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<sup>0<\/sup>&#8211; \u0636\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1974\u060c \u063559.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<sup>1<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063571\u060c 72\u060c 73.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<sup>2<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u063597.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<sup>3<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635281.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<sup>4<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 27 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<sup>5<\/sup>&#8211; \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1960\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<sup>6<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 21 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<sup>7<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 65 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<sup>8<\/sup>&#8211; \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f 30 \u0648 39 \u0648 40 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<sup>9<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 39 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<sup>0<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 2 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 (1960).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<sup>1<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 3 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<sup>2<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 4 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<sup>3<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 6 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<sup>4<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 104 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 1960.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<sup>5<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 63 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 2008.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<sup>6<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 68 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 2008.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<sup>7<\/sup>&#8211; \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u060c \u06351.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<sup>8<\/sup>&#8211; \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06354.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<sup>9<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u06355.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<sup>0<\/sup>&#8211; \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u06351.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<sup>1<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u06352.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<sup>2<\/sup>&#8211; \u0628\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648\u063a\u0633\u062a: \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2003\u060c \u063521.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<sup>2<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u063520-21.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<sup>3<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 74\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2003\u060c \u063530.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<sup>4<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635496.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<sup>5<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635512.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<sup>6<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u063533.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<sup>7<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635486-487.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<sup>8<\/sup>&#8211; \u063a\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062f. \u0636\u0627\u0647\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 37\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2003\u060c \u063541.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<sup>9<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 37\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2003\u060c \u063531.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5<sup>0<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u063531.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5<sup>1<\/sup>&#8211; \u063a\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062f. \u0636\u0627\u0647\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 37\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2003\u060c \u063538.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5<sup>2<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063538.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5<sup>3<\/sup>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u063533.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0640\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0640\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623.\u062f. \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0634 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u062c\u0640\u0627\u0645\u0640\u0639\u0640\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0646 &nbsp; \u00a0Le syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectoral au Liban repr\u00e9sente un cas unique au monde, ce pays applique un syst\u00e8me majoritaire combin\u00e9 au vote par si\u00e8ges parlementaires dans les circonscriptions \u00e9lectorales et au vote collectif depuis la moiti\u00e9 du 19 si\u00e8cle. \u00a0\u00a0Ce syst\u00e8me a \u00e9t\u00e9 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