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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\uf22d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Legal Aspects Of The Construction Of Al Nahda Dam In The Light Of The Provisions Of International Law<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">An introduction<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Since the middle of the last century, Ethiopia has been conducting studies to build large dams on the Nile River. In the absence of Egyptian foreign policy during the January 2011 revolution, the opportunity to achieve its objectives has been exploited by a political cover represented in the Nile Basin Initiative and in violation of international agreements governing the shares of the Nile Basin countries In the waters, Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia signed the Khartoum Convention in 2015 and a &#8220;Declaration of Principles&#8221; on the sharing of the Nile River and the dam of the Ethiopian Renaissance. The agreement includes ten basic principles consistent with the general rules of international law governing international rivers. Egypt has previously opposed building the largest dam of its kind in Africa, because it would reduce its share of river water. Hence, the issue of water is one of the most important and serious issues facing Egypt at the present time, and also the future, and it is dangerous for Atheebba to build a network of dams on the Blue Nile without regard to the interests of Egypt and Sudan as estates.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">First: The Problem of Search :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The problem of research in the crisis of Ethiopia in the construction of the dam and the ensuing Ethiopian violation of the rules of agreements between the Nile Basin countries on the distribution of water quotas of the river in violation of these agreements, which poses a threat to Egyptian water security and drought of the Nile and increase desertification in Egypt, In the sense of international law of the crime of genocide and the consequences of the accumulation of the migration of the population and put them in tragic conditions because of water scarcity.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Second: Research Objectives;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0\uf22d-The role of the role of customary international law in the commitment of Ethiopia to the agreements signed between the Nile Basin countries in light of Ethiopia&#8217;s refusal to abide by these agreements to waste Egypt&#8217;s water rights under these agreements<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">-The effectiveness of friendly and non-friendly means of resolving disputes in order to avoid the dangers of building Al-Nahda dam<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0\uf22dDetermining the legal responsibility assumed by the Government of Ethiopia for the devastating effects of the renaissance of Egypt on the genocide of the people of Egypt in light of the scarcity of water and the completion of the construction of the dam and the desertification and ethnic displacement of the population, especially as a crime of genocide as stipulated in the international crimes that fall under the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Third: Research Methodology<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The study uses the method of analysis of the international system by a statement of the violation of the international water\u00a0 agreements held between the Nile basin countries on the water security of Egypt as a matter of existence for Egypt and the method of inductive and deductive \uf22e<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Fourth: Research Plan<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The first topic: The legal basis for Egypt&#8217;s water rights in light of the rules of international law<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">First: International agreements governing the rights of Egypt to use the Nile water<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">&#8211; First: Agreements signed between the Nile Basin countries during the colonial period<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">-Second: the agreement of Otaibi<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Second: Legal aspects of the agreements signed between the Nile Basin countries<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">-First: the legal validity of the signed agreements and the extent of Ethiopia&#8217;s adherence to them<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Second: The rules of international inheritance prove Egypt&#8217;s authority to adhere to the signed agreements<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Third requirement: The in-kind nature of international river conventions<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The second topic: The legitimacy of building Al-Nahda dam in the framework of the principles of international law<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">First requirement: Khartoum Convention 2015 in light of the rules of international law<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">o The role of international custom in interpreting the Khartoum Convention, March 23, 2015<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">o Second: the legitimacy of the provisions of the Khartoum Convention in the framework of the principles of international law<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0\uf22dThe principle of good faith in the implementation of international treaties, The principle of fair and reasonable use<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\uf22dThe principle of development, regional integration and sustainable development.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Third: The Technical Studies Agreement 2016 of the Renaissance Dam<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The second requirement: the legal responsibility of Ethiopia for the construction of Al Nahda Dam<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">First: the principle of prior notification and arrangement of legal liability.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Second: the principle of not causing significant damage<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Third: Fair and rational use of water<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Fourth: the principle of cooperation for the first filling of the tank<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The third topic: The impact of the construction of Al Nahda Dam on Egypt&#8217;s water national<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The first requirement: the repercussions of building the dam on the national security of Egypt<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">First: Egypt and water wars under the provisions of international law Impact of Ethiopian dams on desertification in Egypt<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The second requirement: the crisis of the Dam of Renaissance and the methods of settling disputes<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">&#8211; First: the steps that Egypt must follow in addressing the international community to define it with Ethiopia&#8217;s obstinacy<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">-Second: how to deal with the crisis of the Renaissance Dam in the light of international rules for resolving disputes<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0\uf22d International Arbitration<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0\uf22dMilitary option<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">-Third: the adoption of the UN Security Council<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629:<a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=18V-j_yXj0H_48Z094SKP9-vN4f2HWcva\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062f. \u0633\u062d\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2018\u060c\u00a0\u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1542,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[716,605,714,268],"class_list":["post-1541","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-22","tag-716","tag-605","tag-714","tag-268"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1541","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1541"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1541\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1542"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1541"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1541"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabprf.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1541"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}